1 Samuel 18:12

Authorized King James Version

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And Saul was afraid of David, because the LORD was with him, and was departed from Saul.

Original Language Analysis

וַיִּרָ֥א was afraid H3372
וַיִּרָ֥א was afraid
Strong's: H3372
Word #: 1 of 11
to fear; morally to revere; causatively to frighten
שָׁא֖וּל And Saul H7586
שָׁא֖וּל And Saul
Strong's: H7586
Word #: 2 of 11
shaul, the name of an edomite and two israelites
מִלִּפְנֵ֣י of H6440
מִלִּפְנֵ֣י of
Strong's: H6440
Word #: 3 of 11
the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi
דָוִ֑ד David H1732
דָוִ֑ד David
Strong's: H1732
Word #: 4 of 11
david, the youngest son of jesse
כִּֽי H3588
כִּֽי
Strong's: H3588
Word #: 5 of 11
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
הָיָ֤ה H1961
הָיָ֤ה
Strong's: H1961
Word #: 6 of 11
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
יְהוָה֙ because the LORD H3068
יְהוָה֙ because the LORD
Strong's: H3068
Word #: 7 of 11
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
עִמּ֔וֹ H5973
עִמּ֔וֹ
Strong's: H5973
Word #: 8 of 11
adverb or preposition, with (i.e., in conjunction with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with; often with prepositional prefix (and then
וּמֵעִ֥ם H5973
וּמֵעִ֥ם
Strong's: H5973
Word #: 9 of 11
adverb or preposition, with (i.e., in conjunction with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with; often with prepositional prefix (and then
שָׁא֖וּל And Saul H7586
שָׁא֖וּל And Saul
Strong's: H7586
Word #: 10 of 11
shaul, the name of an edomite and two israelites
סָֽר׃ was with him and was departed H5493
סָֽר׃ was with him and was departed
Strong's: H5493
Word #: 11 of 11
to turn off (literally or figuratively)

Analysis & Commentary

And Saul was afraid of David, because the LORD was with him, and was departed from Saul.

Saul's fear of David arose precisely 'because the LORD was with him, and was departed from Saul.' The Hebrew syntax emphasizes the contrast: divine presence with David, divine absence from Saul. Fear of those God empowers often indicates awareness of one's own spiritual poverty. Saul's condition had become tragically clear: unable to destroy David, unable to ignore his own rejection, unable to repent.

Historical Context

Ancient Near Eastern kings typically claimed divine favor as legitimization of their rule. Saul's recognition of God's presence with David implicitly acknowledged his own loss of divine sanction. This awareness made David's success threatening rather than encouraging.

Questions for Reflection

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